Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels reflect average blood glucose control over the preceding two to three months. This measurement is a crucial tool in diabetes management, providing a broader picture of glucose control compared to single point-in-time glucose readings. For instance, a level of 7% indicates an average blood glucose of approximately 154 mg/dL. Establishing appropriate goals for this measure is particularly important in older adults.
Maintaining appropriate glycemic control in older adults is vital for reducing the risk of long-term diabetes complications, including cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. However, managing blood glucose in this population can be complex due to factors such as increased frailty, comorbidities, and polypharmacy. Historically, stricter glycemic targets were advocated for all individuals with diabetes. Over time, clinical guidelines have evolved to recognize the need for individualized targets, especially for older adults, to balance the benefits of glycemic control with the potential risks of hypoglycemia.